EU-Russia energy relations are currently dominated by trade in oil and gas. Russia is the EU’s largest supplier of hydrocarbons, while the EU represents its largest export market. As the EU continues to decarbonize its energy sector, imports of fossil oil and gas are expected to decrease over the coming decades. This development does not necessarily mean that the EU will no longer be dependent on energy imports, however. Rather, it is likely that the EU, led by a number of ambitious member states, will transition to the import of renewable energy and possibly decarbonized natural gas.